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DOI: 10.17586/1023-5086-2023-90-05-50-62
УДК: 535.421, 535.417
Diffraction efficiency and the formfactor effect of holograms (review)
Full text on elibrary.ru
Publication in Journal of Optical Technology
Subject of study. Influence of the formfactor effect on the diffraction efficiency of holograms in various holographic materials. Aim of study. To review publications on the analysis of the diffraction efficiency of two-dimensional and three-dimensional holograms depending on the shape of the recording beams. Method. Holographic exposure of photosensitive media makes it possible to register the formed interference pattern in the medium in the form of periodic modulation of the refractive index, surface relief, optical absorption coefficient, or other parameters. The measurement and analysis of the diffraction efficiency showed its dependence both on the degree of modulation of the recording medium and on the shape of the recording beams. Main results. Based on the results of the review, it can be concluded that it is important to take into account the cross interaction of two nonlinear effects — the nonlinearity of the diffraction efficiency and the exposure nonlinearity over the hologram field. Manifestations of this cross-effect have been noticed and by other authors, but often explained by other reasons. Its some non-detectability and hidden effect can be explained by the manifestation only in the presence of two indicated nonlinearities simultaneously with the presence of local maxima in them. In all other cases the formfactor effect disappears. The areas of manifestation of the formfactor effect in holographic experiments are shown, as an effect that generates restrictions on the main "power" parameters of holograms, such as diffraction efficiency and optimal exposure. The manifestation of the formfactor effect is immanent in the holographic recording of complex images, since it cannot be eliminated completely, but can only be weakened in the initial section of the exposure. Practical significance. Along with the indicated restrictive properties, the formfactor effect makes it possible in-situ measuring the kinetics of holograms recording with high accuracy, without involving additional complex equipment. This method was patented. Its influence can be significant; the formfactor in holography cannot be attributed to small corrections of the main result. It manifests itself in the main, "power" characteristics, similar to the fundamental manifestation of the formfactor in the gravitational interactions of irregularly shaped bodies or in interatomic interactions.
holography, interference, holographic interference fringes, Bragg diffraction, Raman–Nath diffraction, diffraction efficiency, formfactor
OCIS codes: 090.1760
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