Evolution of temporal and spectral pulse sequences for radiation with strong phase modulation in amplifying fiber cascades

For Russian citation (Opticheskii Zhurnal):

Абрамов А.С., Миронов П.П., Лапин В.А. Эволюция временных и спектральных последовательностей импульсов для излучения с сильной фазовой модуляцией в усиливающих волоконных каскадах // Оптический журнал. 2026. Т. 93. № 7. С. 21–31. DOI: 10.17586/1023-5086-2026-93-07-21-31

Abramov A.S., Mironov P.P., Lapin V.A. Evolution of temporal and spectral pulse sequences for radiation with strong phase modulation in amplifying fiber cascades [in Russian] // Opticheskii Zhurnal. 2026. V. 93. № 7. P. 21–31. DOI: 10.17586/1023-5086-2026-93-07-21-31

For citation (Journal of Optical Technology):

Abstract:

Subject of study. Dynamics of phase-modulated wave packets in cascades of fiber waveguides with a broadband amplifier. Aim of study. Generation of a stable high-frequency sequences of ultrashort laser pulses with a broadband comb spectrum. Method. Numerical estimates were made within the framework of propagation equation modeling by method of splitting of variables parameters by physical factors. The features of generation of ultrashort pulses with a subterahertz repetition rate and their line spectra from strongly phase-modulated radiation from a master oscillator are studied. The radiation dynamics is considered in cascade fiber circuits consisting of a broadband fiber amplifier and a single-mode fiber with anomalous group velocity dispersion. The effect of phase modulation acquired in the master oscillator on the quality of the generated pulse sequences and their spectra is revealed. Main results. It was shown that using a fiber with a decreasing dispersion profile as the final section of the fiber cascade can additionally improve the quality of the generated pulses. Practical significance. The considered schemes of the fiber cascades can be used as all-fiber systems for generating broadband spectral combs.

Keywords:

modulation instability, phase modulation, ultrashort pulses, comb spectrum

Acknowledgements:

this work was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (project FEUF-2026-0005).

OCIS codes: 060.5060, 140.3510

References:

1. Närhi M., Wetzel B., Billet C., et al. Real-time measurements of spontaneous breathers and rogue wave events in optical fibre modulation instability // Nature Commun. 2016. V. 7. № 1. P. 1–9. DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13675

2. Паняев И.С., Столяров Д.А., Сысолятин А.А. и др. Генерация последовательностей высокочастотных импульсов в волокне с убывающей по длине дисперсией. Использование экспериментальных результатов для метрологии неоднородных по длине волокон // Квант. электрон. 2021 Т. 51. № 5. С. 427–432. DOI: 10.1070/QEL17549

Panyaev I.S., Stoliarov D.A., Sysoliatin A.A., et al. High-frequency pulse train generation in dispersion-decreasing fibre: Using experimental data for the metrology of longitudinally nonuniform fibre // Quant. Electron. 2021. V. 51. № 5. P. 427–433. DOI: 10.1070/QEL17549

3. Kivshar Yu.S., Agrawal G.P. Optical solitons: From fibers to photonic crystals. Academic Press, 2003. 540 p.

4. Agrawal G.P. Nonlinear fiber optics. Academic Press, 2013. 529 p.

5. Sumetsky M. Progress in quantum electronics // Optical Bottle Microresonators. 2019. V. 64. DOI: 10.1016/j.pquantelec.2019.04.001

6. Kolesnikova A.A., Vatnik I. Theory of nonlinear whispering-gallery-mode dynamics in surface nanoscale axial photonics microresonators // Phys. Rev. A. 2023. V. 108. P. 033506. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.108.033506

7. Yorst Y. Ultra wideband MHz to THz plasmonic EO modulator // Optica. 2025. V. 12. № 3. DOI: 10.1364/OPTICA.544016

8. Абрамов А.С., Золотовский И.О., Коробко Д.А. и др. Генерация и динамика волновых пакетов с большой глубиной фазовой модуляции // Квант. электрон. 2022. Т. 52. № 5. С. 459–464. DOI: 10.1070/QEL18043

Abramov A.S., Zolotovskii I.O., Korobko D.A., et al. Generation and dynamics of wave packets with a large phase modulation depth // Quant. Electron. 2022. V. 52. № 5. P. 459–464. DOI: 10.1070/QEL18043

9. Abramov A.S., Zolotovskii I.O., Kamynin V.A., et al. Generation of subpicosecond pulse trains in fiber cascades comprising a cylindrical waveguide with propagating refractive index wave // Photonics. 2021. V. 8. № 11. P. 484. DOI: 10.3390/photonics8110484

10. Zolotovskii I.O., Korobko D.A., Lapin V.A., et al. Generation of ultrashort laser pulses through a resonant interaction of quasi-continuous wave packet with running refractive index wave // JOSA. B. 2019. V. 36. P. 2877. DOI: 10.1364/JOSAB.36.002877

11. Золотовский И.О., Коробко Д.А., Лапин В.А. и др. Генерация субпикосекундных импульсов в результате развития модуляционной неустойчивости волновых пакетов типа мод шепчущей галереи в световоде с бегущей волной показателя преломления // Квант. электрон. 2018. Т. 48. № 9. С. 818–822. DOI: 10.1070/QEL16734

Zolotovskii I.O., Korobko D.A., Lapin V.A., et al. Generation of subpicosecond pulses due to the development of modulation instability of whispering-gallery-mode wave packets in an optical waveguide with a travelling refractive-index wave // Quant. Electron. 2018. V. 48. P. 818. DOI: 10.1070/QEL16734

12. Krakowski M., Sobon G. Gain managed nonlinear amplification in an erbium doped fiber // Opt. Exp. 2024. V. 32. № 27. DOI: 10.1364/OE.543377

13. Murata H., Yokohashi H. 80-GHz band electro-optic modulator using antenna-coupled electrode and LiNbO₃ film stacked on low-k substrate for millimeter-wave radar system // Opt. Fiber Comm. Conf. (OFC). 2020. OSA Technical Digest (Optica Publishing Group, 2020). P. Th2A.40. DOI: 10.1364/OFC.2020.Th2A.40

14. Siegman A.E., Kuizenga D.J. Active mode-coupling phenomena in pulsed and continuous lasers // Opt. Quant. Electron. 1974. V. 6. P. 43. DOI: 10.1007/BF01421989

15. Mahboub M., Zendagui T. Numerical simulation of femtosecond pulse propagation in photonic crystal fibers comparative study of the S-SSFM and RK 4IP // Appl. Math. Sci. 2012. V. 6. P. 117.

16. Kippenberg T.J., Holzwarth R., Diddams S.A. Microresonator-based optical frequency combs // Science. 2011. V. 332. № 6029. P. 555–559. DOI: 10.1126/science.1193968

17. Трикшев А.И., Камынин В.А., Цветков В.Б. и др. Пассивная гармоническая синхронизация мод в эрбиевом волоконном лазере // Квант. электрон. 2018. Т. 48. № 12. С. 1109. DOI: 10.1070/QEL16839

Trikshev A.I., Kamynin V.A., Tsvetkov V.B., et al. Passive harmonic mode-locking in an erbium-doped fibre laser // Quant. Electron. 2018. V. 48. № 12. P. 1109. DOI: 10.1070/QEL16839

18. Рибенек В.А., Золотовский И.О., Итрин П.А. и др. Волоконный лазер с гармонической синхронизацией мод: cтабилизация и контроль частоты следования импульсов при помощи узкополосной компоненты в спектре // Квант. электрон. 2022. Т. 52. № 7. С. 604–609. DOI: 10.3103/S1068335625600172

Ribenek V.A., Zolotovskii I.O., Itrin P.A., et al. Harmonic mode-locked fiber laser: Pulse repetition rate stabilization and control using a narrowband component in the spectrum // Bull. Lebedev Phys. Institute. 2025. V. 52. Iss. suppl. 1. P. S18–S26. DOI: 10.3103/S1068335625600172

19. Li X., Zou W., Chen J. Passive harmonic hybrid mode-locked fiber laser with extremely broad spectrum // Opt. Exp. 2015. V. 23. № 16. P. 21424–21433. DOI: 10.1364/OE.23.021424